Docs

• 1: Our Solutions
• 1.1: CloudPMS — Cloud Practice Management System
• 1.2: CloudLIS — Cloud Laboratory Information System
• 1.3: CloudHMS — Cloud Hospital Management System
• 2: Healthcare Knowledge Hub
• 2.1: Medical Coding Systems
• 2.1.1: Understanding ICD: The Medical Coding System That Helps Organize Healthcare
• 2.1.2: Understanding LOINC: The Coding System for Lab Tests and Medical Measurements
• 2.1.3: Understanding CPT: The Coding System for Medical Procedures
• 2.1.4: Understanding SNOMED CT: A Simple Guide for Everyday Users
• 2.1.5: Understanding RxNorm: A Simple Guide to Standard Drug Names
• 2.1.6: Understanding DRG: A Simple Guide to Diagnosis-Related Groups
• 2.1.7: Understanding HCPCS: A Simple Guide for Everyday Users
• 2.2: Medical Interoperability Standards
• 2.2.1: Understanding HL7: The Basic Language That Helps Healthcare Systems Talk to Each Other
• 2.2.2: What Is FHIR? A Simple Guide for Everyone
• 2.2.3: Understanding DICOM: The Standard That Powers Medical Images
• 2.2.4: Understanding CDA: The Standard for Sharing Medical Documents
• 2.2.5: Understanding ABDM/NDHM: India’s Digital Health Standard for One Nation, One Health Record

1 - Our Solutions

1.1 - CloudPMS — Cloud Practice Management System

Smart. Simple. Affordable. Built for India’s Small Healthcare Providers

Part of the One EMR for India ecosystem by BanglaTech Informatics

Overview

CloudPMS is a lightweight, cloud-based Practice Management System designed for independent doctors, clinics, polyclinics, and small nursing homes. It streamlines everyday OPD operations—appointments, billing, digital prescriptions, case records, and basic clinical workflows—without requiring IT staff or complex training.

Built with the philosophy of ONE PATIENT · ONE RECORD, CloudPMS ensures that every patient visit, prescription, and clinical finding is stored in a unified EMR that grows with your practice. It’s simple today and scalable for tomorrow.

Whether you’re a solo practitioner or a small multi-doctor facility, CloudPMS gives you hospital-grade reliability in a clean, easy experience, at an affordable price.

Who CloudPMS Is For

CloudPMS is carefully designed for small-to-mid sized healthcare setups that need efficiency without complexity:

• Independent Doctors & Specialists
• Small Clinics (Single or Multi-Doctor)
• Polyclinics
• Day-Care & Minor Procedure Centers
• Small Nursing Homes (OPD + limited IPD)
• Rural & Low-resource Healthcare Facilities

If you need a simple, plug-and-play system that “just works,” CloudPMS is your ideal start.

Why You Need CloudPMS

1. One Patient — One Record (Unified EMR)

Every patient visit, history, prescription, and diagnostic record is automatically organized under one lifelong EMR—portable and accessible.

2. Zero IT Headache

Fully cloud-based, with no servers, no installations, and no maintenance costs. Works on mobile, tablet, and desktop.

3. Instant Onboarding

Start in minutes. Most clinics go live in under 30 minutes with zero technical background required.

4. Designed for Indian Healthcare

Supports Indian workflows, prescription formats, local compliance expectations, and regional realities.

5. Lowest-Cost Digital Entry

Affordable pricing tailored for small setups to bring India’s unorganized healthcare sector online.

6. Grows As You Grow

Start with CloudPMS → Upgrade to CloudCare or CloudHMS as your facility expands. All records migrate automatically. No switching pain.

Core Features of CloudPMS

1. Online & Walk-In Appointment Management

• Smart scheduling
• Automated reminders
• Multiple doctor calendar support
• Token-based queue display

2. Digital OPD & Prescription Writer

• Fast prescription templates
• eRx with dosage & frequency library
• Chief complaints, vitals, exam notes
• Revisit history at a glance

3. Unified Electronic Medical Record

• Lifelong patient profile
• Visit timeline
• Previous prescriptions, diagnosis, tests
• Upload documents and scans

##3 4. Clinic Billing & Payment Tracking

• OPD invoice
• Procedure billing
• Discount controls
• Daily collection summary
• Cash, UPI, card, and online payment support

5. Basic IPD (For Small Nursing Homes)

• Bed/room assignment
• Daily notes
• Procedure logs
• Nurse notes & vitals
• Discharge summary generation

##3 6. Integrated Lab Reporting (via CloudLIS)

• Auto-receive lab results
• Tests linked to patient EMR
• No external PDF exchange
• Optional integration with nearby diagnostic labs

7. Inventory Lite (Optional)

• Clinic consumables
• Medicine stock
• Auto deduction on bill

8. Multi-Device Access

Works on:

• Mobile
• Desktop
• Tablet
• Smart TV queue board

How CloudPMS Helps You

✔ Save Time

Cut down repetitive tasks so you can treat more patients, not fill more registers.

✔ Deliver Better Patient Care

With clean digital history, you make faster, more accurate decisions.

✔ Reduce Operational Chaos

Automate your front desk and eliminate errors.

✔ Increase Your Brand Credibility

Digital prescriptions, SMS reminders, and professional EMR build patient trust.

✔ Prepare for Future Growth

Seamlessly upgrade to CloudCare or CloudHMS without changing systems.

✔ Support India’s One EMR Mission

Your clinic becomes part of a larger network where patient data travels safely across providers.

CloudPMS Modules

OPD & Prescription

Simplify OPD workflow with fast digital prescriptions, templates, complaints, vitals, diagnosis, and treatment notes—all stored in a unified EMR.

Appointments & Queue

Manage online and walk-in appointments with automatic reminders and token-based queue flow optimized for clinics of any size.

Billing & Payments

Generate OPD invoices, procedure bills, apply discounts, and track daily collections with UPI, card, or cash payment options.

Basic IPD (Optional)

For nursing homes, record admissions, bed allocation, doctor rounds, vitals, and discharge summaries in a simple IPD module.

Patient EMR

Each patient gets a lifelong unified health record with past prescriptions, history, diagnostic results, documents, and clinical findings.

CloudLIS / Laboratory Integration

Connect with your in-house or external lab to receive structured digital reports directly inside the EMR—no PDFs required.

1.2 - CloudLIS — Cloud Laboratory Information System

Smart. Accurate. Connected. Designed for India’s Diagnostic Labs

Part of the One Electronic Medical Record for India ecosystem by BanglaTech Informatics

Overview

CloudLIS (Laboratory Information System) is a powerful, cloud-based solution designed for pathology labs, diagnostic centers, collection points, and small-to-large laboratory networks across India. It streamlines everything—from sample collection to automated machine interfacing, reporting, and coordination with referring doctors and clinics.

Built with the mission of ONE PATIENT · ONE RECORD, CloudLIS ensures that every lab test result becomes part of a secure, lifelong digital health record. This enables faster diagnosis, improved care, and seamless interoperability with clinics, nursing homes, and hospitals using CloudPMS or CloudHMS.

Whether you run a small standalone lab or a multi-location diagnostic chain, CloudLIS brings speed, accuracy, and digital professionalism to your daily operations.

Who CloudLIS Is For

CloudLIS is purpose-built for all diagnostic service setups:

• Standalone Pathology Labs
• Multi-speciality Diagnostic Centers
• Radiology Centers
• Collection Points & Franchise Labs
• In-house Hospital Laboratories
• NABL or Non-NABL Facilities
• Labs with or without automated analyzers

If you want to deliver faster reports, maintain accurate workflows, and ensure digital integration with healthcare providers, CloudLIS is the best choice.

Why You Need CloudLIS

1. One Patient — One Record (Unified Digital Lab History)

Every test result is automatically linked to the patient’s lifelong EMR—helping physicians make better decisions.

2. Eliminate Manual Errors

Barcode-based operations reduce sample mismatch, reporting delays, and manual typing errors.

3. Faster Report Turnaround

Automated workflows, analyzer interfaces, and template-driven reporting speed up the entire process.

4. Boost Your Professional Image

Deliver clean, mobile-friendly digital reports with your lab branding and authorized signatures.

5. Works for All Lab Sizes

From one-room labs to full diagnostic centers—CloudLIS adapts to your scale.

6. Connected to Clinics & Hospitals

Clinics using CloudPMS and hospitals using CloudHMS receive results automatically—no WhatsApp PDFs needed.

7. No IT Infrastructure Required

Cloud-based, secure, and accessible from anywhere—no servers or maintenance required.

Core Functional Highlights of CloudLIS

1. Sample Registration & Barcoding

• Auto-generate barcode labels
• Support for walk-in & referred patients
• Multi-counter workflow
• Collection point interface

2. Analyzer Machine Integration

Compatible with:

• Biochemistry
• Hematology
• Immunoassay
• Coagulation
• Electrolyte analyzers (One-way or two-way interfacing)

3. Result Entry & Verification

• Template-based test results
• Auto-calculation and range validation
• Senior pathologist verification
• Dual-level authorization (optional)

4. Digital Reporting

• Smart PDF & web reports
• Patient portal access
• Secure OTP-based download
• Auto-send reports via SMS/WhatsApp/email

5. NABL-Assisted Workflows

• Audit-ready records
• Corrective-action logs
• Equipment calibration logs
• Quality control documentation

6. Sample Workflow Tracking

• Collection
• Processing
• Analysis
• Verification
• Report delivery End-to-end visibility on every sample.

7. Inventory for Laboratory Consumables

• Reagent stock
• Auto deduction
• Low-stock alert
• Batch/expiry tracking

8. Referring Doctor & Clinic Panel

Doctors and clinics get:

• Auto-synced lab reports into EMR
• Commission/Referral tracking
• White-labeled reports in their name (optional)

How CloudLIS Helps You

✔ Increase Accuracy

Barcode-based workflows and analyzer integration eliminate human errors.

✔ Improve Speed & Efficiency

Faster reporting leads to more daily tests and better patient satisfaction.

✔ Strengthen Healthcare Network

Seamless integration with CloudPMS clinics and CloudHMS hospitals builds referral trust.

✔ Expand to Multi-Location Labs Easily

Cloud-based architecture supports franchises and branch labs effortlessly.

✔ Enhance Professional Branding

Clean digital reports reflect higher credibility and draw more patients.

✔ Reduce Operational Costs

Digitization prevents duplicate testing, rework, and wasted consumables.

CloudLIS Modules

Sample Collection & Barcoding

Register samples quickly, print barcodes, and track every step from collection to processing with complete traceability.

Test Processing & QC

Manage lab workflow from analysis to quality control, supporting NABL standards with proper logs and validations.

Analyzer Integration

Connect your lab analyzers for accurate, automated result entry—reducing manual errors and speeding up reporting.

Digital Report Delivery

Generate branded, mobile-friendly reports and deliver them instantly via SMS, WhatsApp, or the secure patient portal.

Referring Doctor Panel

Give doctors and clinics real-time access to patient reports, payment tracking, and referral insights.

Inventory & Reagent Management

Track reagent consumption, manage stock, and monitor expiry to maintain cost-effective and error-free lab operations.

Interoperability with CloudPMS & CloudHMS

CloudLIS is not just a standalone lab system—it is a connected bridge that brings diagnostics directly into clinical workflows:

• Clinics using CloudPMS can send test requests and receive results automatically.
• Hospitals using CloudHMS get instant updates inside patient EMR.
• Patients get lifelong access through their personal One EMR record.

This creates a complete digital health loop:

Doctor → Lab → Patient → EMR → Doctor → Better Care

1.3 - CloudHMS — Cloud Hospital Management System

Enterprise-Grade HIS/HMS for Day-Care, Nursing Homes & Multi-Specialty Hospitals

Built on the One EMR for India ecosystem by BanglaTech Informatics

Overview

CloudHMS is a comprehensive, enterprise-ready Hospital Management System designed for day-care centers, 20–200 bed nursing homes, multi-specialty hospitals, surgical centers, and multi-branch healthcare networks.

It integrates every operational and clinical workflow—OPD, IPD, OT, ER, pharmacy, diagnostics, billing, nursing stations, ICU, and administrative controls—into one powerful cloud-based platform.

At its core, CloudHMS is built on the philosophy of ONE PATIENT · ONE RECORD, ensuring every clinical event—from vital signs to OT notes to lab results—stays in a single, lifelong EMR accessible across departments.

Whether you manage a small nursing home or a large hospital chain, CloudHMS gives you the operational backbone to deliver safer care, faster service, and more efficient management.

Who CloudHMS Is Designed For

CloudHMS is ideal for healthcare facilities needing OPD + IPD + Diagnostics + Pharmacy + OT integration:

• Day-care & Procedure Centers (built on CloudCare modules)
• 20–200 Bed Nursing Homes
• Multi-Specialty Hospitals
• Surgical Hospitals
• Maternity & Pediatric Hospitals
• Corporate & Trust Hospitals
• Multi-Branch Hospital Networks
• Facilities preparing for NABH accreditation

For hospitals that need complete digital transformation, CloudHMS is the all-in-one foundation.

Why You Need CloudHMS

1. Unified EMR Across All Departments

OPD → IPD → Laboratory → Radiology → Pharmacy → OT → Billing Everything is connected through a single, lifelong patient record.

2. Real-Time Hospital-Wide Coordination

Nurses, doctors, reception, pharmacy, and labs work seamlessly on one platform.

3. Cloud-Based, Multi-Tenant Architecture

No servers. No maintenance. Supports multi-branch hospitals, shared services, and franchise models.

4. Designed for Indian Hospitals

Includes billing rules, formats, workflows, and compliance expected by NABH.

5. Complete Operational Digitization

From bed management to discharge summary—every step becomes faster and error-free.

6. Includes Everything in CloudPMS + CloudCare + CloudLIS

CloudHMS is the enterprise layer that integrates all product lines into one system.

7. Makes Hospitals Future-Proof

Supports telemedicine, regional health networks, patient portals, and EMR portability.

Core Functional Modules of CloudHMS

Below is a detailed breakdown of all included modules.

1. OPD Management

• Doctor schedules
• Token system
• Clinical notes & prescriptions
• Visit timeline
• Integrated EMR
• Automated follow-ups

2. IPD / Inpatient Management

• Admission & bed mapping
• Nursing notes
• Vital charting
• Doctor rounds
• Treatment orders
• Care plan tracking
• ICU workflow support
• Patient diet & care management

3. Operation Theatre (OT) Module

• Pre-op assessments
• Surgical scheduling
• OT materials & consumables
• Anesthesia charting
• Procedure notes
• Post-op recovery evaluation

4. Emergency / Casualty

• Quick registration
• Triage workflow
• Emergency orders
• Crash cart tracking
• MLC support (optional)

5. Pharmacy & Drug Inventory

• In-house pharmacy
• OPD & IPD medicine dispensing
• Automated stock updates
• Batch/expiry tracking
• Narcotic drug logs

6. Laboratory & Radiology Integration (via CloudLIS)

• Sample barcoding
• Analyzer interfacing
• Radiology reporting
• PACS-ready structure (optional)
• Reports directly inside EMR

7. Billing & Revenue Cycle

• OPD & IPD billing
• Bed/room charges
• Package billing
• Consumables
• Procedure charges
• Insurance (optional)
• Outstanding/credit management
• Daily revenue dashboards

8. Nursing Station

• Medication administration
• Procedure logs
• Vitals
• Doctor order execution
• Care progress notes
• Shift handover management

9. Discharge Summary & Documentation

• Auto-generate summaries
• Pull diagnosis, labs, vitals, OT notes
• Multiple templates (surgical, maternity, ICU)
• Follow-up plan creation

10. Admin & MIS Dashboards

• Bed occupancy
• Department performance
• Revenue analytics
• Daily clinical census
• Staff performance
• Multi-branch dashboards

CloudHMS Modules

Admission & Bed Management

Manage admissions, bed availability, transfers, and discharges with real-time visibility across wards, ICUs, and private rooms.

Nursing & Clinical Workflows

Capture vitals, doctor orders, medication charts, care plans, and nursing notes—seamlessly integrated into the patient’s EMR.

OT & Procedure Management

Digitize surgical workflows with pre-op assessments, OT scheduling, anesthesia notes, and post-op recovery tracking.

Pharmacy & Inventory

Run your in-house pharmacy with automated stock deduction, batch/expiry management, and OPD/IPD dispensing history.

Integrated Diagnostics (CloudLIS)

Connect laboratory and radiology with automated test orders, analyzer integration, and direct report sync into the EMR.

Billing & Revenue Cycle

Automate OPD and IPD billing, package rates, consumables, insurance claims, and daily collections with full audit trails.

CloudHMS + One EMR for India

CloudHMS is the central pillar of your unified healthcare ecosystem:

• Clinics using CloudPMS share patient history.
• Labs using CloudLIS feed reports directly into EMR.
• Day-care centers using CloudCare integrate procedures and nursing workflows.
• Multi-hospital networks unify all patient data under one identity.

This ensures a continuous digital care loop:

OPD → Admission → Diagnosis → Treatment → Surgery → Billing → Discharge → Follow-up All using ONE PATIENT · ONE RECORD.

How CloudHMS Helps Your Hospital

✔ Improve care quality through real-time EMR

Clinical decisions become safer and more accurate.

✔ Reduce operational costs

Automation cuts paperwork, duplication, and manual effort.

✔ Increase patient satisfaction

Faster service, digital reports, patient portal, mobile access.

✔ Strengthen hospital-wide coordination

No communication gaps between wards, labs, and pharmacy.

✔ Get NABH-ready documentation

Digital logs, traceability, and audit trails built in.

✔ Scale effortlessly

Add new branches, departments, or facilities without new software.

2 - Healthcare Knowledge Hub

2.1 - Medical Coding Systems

2.1.1 - Understanding ICD: The Medical Coding System That Helps Organize Healthcare

What Is ICD?

ICD is an international set of medical codes created by the World Health Organization (WHO). Every disease — from fever, diabetes, fractures, infections, heart problems, to rare disorders — has a unique code. For example:

• A09 → Infectious diarrhea
• I10 → Essential hypertension (high blood pressure)
• E11 → Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Instead of writing long descriptions, doctors use these short codes to record and share information quickly and accurately.

Why Is ICD Needed?

Without a common coding system, every hospital would describe diseases differently. This would cause:

• Confusion
• Difficulty in understanding patient history
• Errors in insurance claims
• Wrong data for public health decisions

ICD solves all these problems by giving the same code for the same disease everywhere in the world.

It ensures that a patient diagnosed in Kolkata will be understood in Delhi, London, or New York — because the code stays the same.

How Is ICD Used in Healthcare?

ICD codes are used throughout the healthcare system:

1. In Hospitals and Clinics

Doctors enter ICD codes into the patient’s electronic records. This helps:

• Maintain accurate medical history
• Track ongoing and previous diseases
• Avoid mistakes in treatment

2. In Billing and Insurance

Insurance companies use ICD codes to understand:

• What illness the patient had
• What treatment should be covered
• Whether a claim is valid

Correct ICD coding prevents claim rejections.

3. In Public Health and Research

Governments and health organizations use ICD data to:

• Track disease outbreaks
• Understand health trends
• Plan vaccination and health programs
• Allocate medical resources

For example, during COVID-19, special ICD codes helped track cases worldwide.

Why Should an Average User Know About ICD?

You may not need to learn the codes, but understanding the basics helps you:

✔ Reduce insurance claim errors

Incorrect coding is one of the biggest reasons claims get delayed or rejected.

✔ Understand your medical records better

If you read your discharge summary, you will see ICD codes. Knowing what they mean helps you stay informed.

✔ Communicate better with hospitals

If you understand whether coding is correct or not, you can ask the right questions.

✔ Trust the digital healthcare process

ICD codes ensure that your health data is safely stored, organized, and understood everywhere.

How ICD Helps in Healthcare Informatics

Healthcare informatics means using technology to manage health data. ICD plays a major role in this area:

• It standardizes disease information across all digital systems.
• It helps electronic health record (EHR) systems organize patient data.
• It allows easy sharing of records between different hospitals.
• It supports medical analytics, like predicting disease trends.
• It improves accuracy in telemedicine and online health consultations.

Simply put, ICD is the foundation of digital health data.

Why ICD Matters for the Future of Healthcare

As the world moves towards:

• AI-driven diagnosis
• Digital hospital systems
• Telemedicine
• Global health data sharing

ICD becomes even more important.

Every new disease or condition gets added to updated versions like ICD-10 and ICD-11, making the system richer and more accurate.

In Summary

ICD is not just a technical tool for doctors — it is a global language of diseases that improves healthcare quality for everyone. It helps hospitals treat patients better, ensures fair insurance processing, supports government health planning, and makes digital health records reliable.

Understanding ICD gives every average person more clarity, confidence, and control over their own healthcare journey.

2.1.2 - Understanding LOINC: The Coding System for Lab Tests and Medical Measurements

What Is LOINC?

LOINC stands for Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes.

It is an international coding system used to identify:

• Lab tests (blood sugar, hemoglobin, thyroid, etc.)
• Vital signs (heart rate, blood pressure)
• Medical measurements (ECG findings, oxygen level)
• Observations in reports (pathology results, imaging results)

Every test has a unique LOINC code. For example:

• 15074-8 → Glucose [Moles/volume] in Blood
• 718-7 → Hemoglobin [Mass/volume] in Blood
• 85354-9 → Blood pressure panel

Instead of writing long test names differently in different labs, LOINC uses one global code that always means the same test.

Why Is LOINC Needed?

Every lab and hospital names tests differently. For example:

• One lab may call it “Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS)”
• Another may call it “Blood Glucose – Fasting”
• Another may simply write “Glucose Test”

Even though the test is the same, the names vary. This makes it difficult to:

• Compare reports
• Move between hospitals
• Combine data from different labs
• Maintain consistent digital health records

LOINC solves this by giving one standard code for each test.

How Is LOINC Used in Healthcare?

1. In Laboratories

Labs attach LOINC codes to test results so that any hospital or doctor can understand the exact test done.

2. In Hospitals and Clinics

When your report is added to your digital health record, LOINC ensures:

• Accurate test identification
• Easy report comparison over months or years
• Fewer errors in diagnosis

3. In Health Apps and Patient Portals

Many digital health platforms use LOINC codes to show your test history clearly, even if tests were done at different labs.

4. In Government and Research

Public health experts use LOINC-coded data to track:

• Disease trends
• Lab test results across regions
• Health statistics

For example, monitoring diabetes or thyroid issues across a population becomes much easier.

Why Should an Average User Know About LOINC?

You don’t need to memorize the codes, but knowing the concept helps you:

✔ Understand your reports better

If two test names look slightly different, the LOINC code confirms whether the test is the same.

✔ Avoid confusion when switching labs or doctors

Your new doctor can immediately understand previous reports.

✔ Help prevent medical errors

Standardized codes reduce mistakes in interpreting results.

✔ Make better use of digital health records

Apps that store your reports rely on LOINC for clean data.

✔ Support accurate insurance and documentation

Insurance companies use these codes to validate lab claims.

LOINC is a small detail that improves your entire healthcare journey.

How LOINC Helps in Healthcare Informatics

Healthcare informatics is the technology that manages health data. LOINC is extremely important here because it:

• Standardizes test data across all hospitals and labs
• Ensures compatibility between different digital health systems
• Makes patient data sharable in a clean, structured way
• Helps AI and analytics tools understand lab values correctly
• Supports telemedicine, where doctors rely on digital reports
• Improves accuracy in national health databases

Simply put, LOINC is the backbone for organizing lab data in the digital healthcare world.

Why LOINC Matters for the Future

As healthcare becomes more digital with:

• Online lab reports
• EHR systems
• Telemedicine
• AI-based diagnostics
• National health IDs (like India’s ABDM/NDHM)

LOINC becomes essential for seamless data flow.

Without LOINC, healthcare data would be messy and inconsistent. With LOINC, your reports stay clear, accurate, and understandable — no matter where you get tested.

In Summary

LOINC may feel like a background system, but it quietly ensures that all your lab tests, medical measurements, and health observations are understandable and comparable everywhere. It improves diagnosis, reduces confusion, supports digital health apps, and keeps your medical records neat and reliable.

Understanding LOINC helps you read your own health data with more confidence and clarity.

2.1.3 - Understanding CPT: The Coding System for Medical Procedures

What Is CPT?

CPT stands for Current Procedural Terminology.

It is a global coding system used to describe medical services and procedures such as:

• Doctor consultations
• Diagnostic procedures (ECG, X-ray, ultrasound)
• Surgeries (small or major)
• Lab procedures
• Therapies and treatments
• Emergency services
• Follow-up visits

Each service has a unique CPT code, usually a five-digit number.

Example:

• 99213 → Doctor’s consultation (regular visit)
• 71045 → Chest X-ray
• 93000 → ECG

Instead of writing long descriptions every time, CPT uses one standardized code that stays the same everywhere.

Why Is CPT Needed?

Hospitals and clinics often describe the same procedure differently:

• One may write “General OPD Visit”
• Another may write “Consultation – Follow Up”
• Another may write “Routine Check-up”

But they all mean the same thing.

This becomes confusing for:

• Medical records
• Hospital billing
• Insurance processing
• Government health programs
• Digital health platforms

CPT solves this by giving one universal code for each procedure.

How Is CPT Used in Healthcare?

1. Hospitals and Clinics

Doctors and staff assign CPT codes to services the patient receives. This ensures:

• Clear documentation
• Uniform billing
• Standardized medical records

2. Insurance Companies

Insurance uses CPT codes to:

• Verify which procedure was done
• Process claims correctly
• Prevent fraud or incorrect billing

Without CPT, claim verification would be extremely difficult.

3. Digital Health Records (EHR/EMR Systems)

CPT codes help software track:

• Completed procedures
• Doctor visits
• Treatment history
• Costs and billing

This ensures data remains structured and comparable.

4. Research and Public Health

When CPT codes are used, government and researchers can understand:

• How many procedures are performed
• Which treatments are common
• What diseases require more interventions

This helps in planning national health strategies.

Why Should an Average User Know About CPT?

You don’t need to memorize CPT codes. But knowing their purpose can help you in many ways:

✔ You understand your hospital bills better

CPT ensures transparency — every billed item has a clear code.

✔ It helps during insurance claims

If your claim is rejected, checking the CPT code often explains why.

✔ You can track your own medical history

Your medical reports may include CPT codes for procedures you’ve undergone.

✔ It avoids misunderstandings

Even if doctors use different names, the CPT code confirms the exact service done.

✔ It protects you from overbilling

Since CPT codes represent standardized procedures, unnecessary charges become easier to detect.

How CPT Helps in Healthcare Informatics

Healthcare informatics deals with organizing and understanding health data. CPT plays a major role here:

• Creates structured data for procedures and treatments
• Ensures easy exchange of medical information between systems
• Supports digital hospital management software
• Helps AI and analytics tools detect patterns in procedures
• Integrates with EHR systems for complete patient records
• Improves accuracy in billing and healthcare reporting

In simple words, CPT helps make healthcare organized, digital, and efficient.

CPT in India and the World

Even though CPT originated in the United States, the codes are widely recognized globally — especially in:

• Private hospitals
• Insurance-based healthcare
• Medical billing systems
• Telemedicine and digital health records

As India moves toward stronger EHR adoption, systems that work with CPT codes help maintain consistent procedure data.

In Summary

CPT is a simple but powerful system that ensures every medical procedure — from a basic check-up to a surgery — is documented in a clear, standardized way. It helps hospitals maintain clean records, supports insurance verification, simplifies billing, and makes digital health systems more efficient.

For an average user, understanding CPT means better clarity in reports, bills, claims, and overall healthcare experiences.

2.1.4 - Understanding SNOMED CT: A Simple Guide for Everyday Users

What Is SNOMED CT?

SNOMED CT stands for Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine — Clinical Terms.

It is the world’s largest and most detailed medical dictionary, containing over 300,000+ terms for:

• Diseases
• Symptoms
• Lab findings
• Body parts
• Procedures
• Medications
• Risk factors
• Allergies
• Clinical observations

Each term has a unique code, so every doctor, hospital, or software understands the same meaning—even if they use different words.

Why Is SNOMED CT Needed?

Healthcare uses many medical terms that are complex and inconsistent. SNOMED CT solves this by:

✔ Making medical language standardized

Every condition or symptom receives one universal code.

✔ Avoiding confusion

If different doctors write different terms, the system still understands they mean the same thing.

✔ Improving digital health systems

Electronic Medical Records (EMR/EHR) rely on clean, standardized data.

✔ Supporting accurate diagnosis and reporting

Data becomes reliable and comparable across hospitals and regions.

How Is SNOMED CT Used in Healthcare?

1. Hospitals & Clinics

Doctors use SNOMED CT codes to record:

• Diagnoses
• Symptoms
• Procedures
• Allergies
• Treatment plans

This ensures the patient’s record is clear and consistent.

2. Laboratories

Lab results can be mapped to SNOMED CT terms so they integrate smoothly with EMR systems.

3. EHR/EMR Systems

Digital systems like CloudPMS, CloudLIS, or CloudHMS use SNOMED CT to:

• Organize medical history
• Make data searchable
• Support decision-making
• Prevent duplication

4. AI & Healthcare Analytics

SNOMED CT gives structured data that helps:

• Predict health risks
• Identify trends
• Improve care quality

5. Government & Public Health

Authorities can track common diseases, outbreaks, and treatment outcomes using standardized codes.

Why Should an Average User Know About SNOMED CT?

You don’t need to learn the codes, but understanding SNOMED CT helps you as a patient.

✔ Your medical records become clearer

No matter which doctor you visit, your health information can be understood accurately.

✔ It reduces mistakes

Standard terms avoid confusion that could lead to wrong treatments.

✔ Better continuity of care

If you change hospitals or move to another city, your record stays meaningful.

✔ Improved insurance processing

Standardized terms speed up claim processing and avoid misunderstandings.

✔ Easy access to your health history

With consistent coding, your EMR becomes more organized and reliable.

✔ Safer care

Allergies and critical conditions are coded clearly, helping prevent errors.

How SNOMED CT Helps Healthcare Informatics

Healthcare informatics focuses on collecting, storing, and analyzing medical data. SNOMED CT plays a major role by:

• Providing a common medical language
• Allowing different systems to “talk” to each other
• Supporting clinical decision support tools
• Improving the accuracy of medical histories
• Helping research and public health planning
• Making EMR/EHR systems more effective and future-ready

Without SNOMED CT, digital healthcare becomes messy and inconsistent.

SNOMED CT in India

India is moving toward unified Electronic Health Records for every citizen. SNOMED CT is a core standard recommended for:

• Hospitals
• Clinics
• Labs
• Digital health platforms
• Government health schemes

Using SNOMED CT helps India achieve One Patient, One Health Record, which is the philosophy behind platforms like CloudPMS, CloudLIS, and CloudHMS.

In Summary

SNOMED CT may sound technical, but it simply ensures that everyone in healthcare speaks the same medical language. It makes digital records more accurate, reduces misunderstandings, supports smooth data sharing, and improves care for every patient.

For everyday users, SNOMED CT means:

• Clearer records
• Safer treatment
• Better continuity of care
• More transparent and organized healthcare

In short, SNOMED CT helps create a smarter, safer, and more connected healthcare ecosystem.

2.1.5 - Understanding RxNorm: A Simple Guide to Standard Drug Names

What Is RxNorm?

RxNorm is a standardized dictionary for all medicines used in healthcare.

It gives:

• one standard name
• one unique code
• one description

…for every medication, regardless of brand or manufacturer.

For example:

• Paracetamol 500mg Tablet → One RxNorm code
• Metformin 1000mg Tablet → One RxNorm code
• Amoxicillin 250mg Capsule → One RxNorm code

This makes drug information clear, uniform, and free from misunderstanding.

Why Is RxNorm Needed?

Medicines have different names in different:

• cities
• pharmacies
• brands
• hospitals
• countries

This makes it hard to maintain accurate medical records.

RxNorm solves this by ensuring:

✔ One universal name

No matter what brand name is written, the system knows the exact drug.

✔ No confusion between similar medicines

Reduces risk of wrong dosage or wrong drug.

✔ Better digital record-keeping

EHR/EMR systems store drug information in a standardized way.

✔ Reliable data sharing

Doctors, pharmacies, labs, and insurers all understand the same drug.

How Is RxNorm Used in Healthcare?

1. Hospitals & Clinics

Doctors prescribe using RxNorm-coded drugs to avoid mistakes and ensure clarity.

2. Pharmacies

Pharmacy software can map prescriptions to the correct medicine using RxNorm codes.

3. EMR/EHR Systems

Platforms like CloudPMS, CloudLIS, and CloudHMS use RxNorm to:

• record prescriptions accurately
• prevent duplicate medication entries
• check for drug interactions
• maintain complete patient medication history

4. Drug Interaction Systems

Tools that warn about:

• harmful combinations
• allergies
• dose conflicts

…depend heavily on RxNorm codes.

5. Insurance and Billing

Ensures claims correctly reflect the prescribed medications.

6. Research & Public Health

Helps monitor which medicines are commonly prescribed and track medication trends.

Why Should an Average User Know About RxNorm?

You don’t need to memorize codes, but knowing about RxNorm helps you in many ways:

✔ Clear and consistent prescriptions

Prevents confusion when switching doctors or pharmacies.

✔ Avoids medication errors

Standard codes help doctors and software catch potential mistakes.

✔ Better personal health tracking

Your digital health record will show medication history accurately.

✔ Helps during emergencies

Emergency doctors can quickly understand what medicines you use—even if your old prescriptions came from different clinics.

✔ Helps in insurance claims

Standard drug names make processing faster and more transparent.

✔ Reduces duplicate or unsafe medicines

Your EMR can warn if a new prescription conflicts with existing medications.

How RxNorm Helps Healthcare Informatics

Healthcare informatics is about using technology to improve healthcare. RxNorm is extremely important because it:

• standardizes medicine names
• allows different systems to share drug information
• supports drug interaction alerts
• improves accuracy of medical records
• enables advanced analytics on medication usage
• makes e-prescriptions safer

In short, RxNorm makes digital healthcare smarter and safer.

RxNorm in India

While medicine brands vary widely in India, RxNorm-style coding helps:

• unify digital prescriptions
• improve telemedicine
• make e-pharmacy services accurate
• support national EMR standards
• reduce prescription errors

As India moves toward One Health Record, RxNorm-like medication coding becomes essential.

In Summary

RxNorm is a simple idea but a powerful tool: one standard name and one code for every medicine.

It helps doctors write clear prescriptions, helps pharmacies understand them, helps digital systems store them accurately, and helps patients stay safe.

For everyday users, RxNorm means:

• fewer medication mistakes
• clearer prescriptions
• safer treatment
• a cleaner and more reliable medical record

RxNorm is one of the key building blocks of modern digital healthcare.

2.1.6 - Understanding DRG: A Simple Guide to Diagnosis-Related Groups

What Is DRG?

DRG stands for Diagnosis-Related Groups.

It is a system that groups patients with similar medical problems and similar treatment needs into one category. Each DRG category has:

• a fixed description
• a fixed expected treatment cost
• a fixed payment rate (in countries using DRG-based billing)

Think of DRG like organizing patients into “treatment categories” based on:

• their main diagnosis
• the tests they need
• the procedures they receive
• how serious their condition is

For example:

• Normal delivery
• Appendicitis
• Pneumonia
• Heart failure
• Hip replacement

Each of these has a DRG code and an expected cost range.

Why Is DRG Needed?

Hospitals used to charge based on every single item—every needle, every test, every injection. This made bills unpredictable and sometimes unnecessarily high.

DRG solves this by:

✔ Simplifying hospital billing

Instead of charging for thousands of individual items, the hospital bills one grouped rate for the entire treatment.

✔ Making healthcare costs more predictable

Both patients and insurance providers know what to expect for common medical conditions.

✔ Promoting fair pricing

Two hospitals treating the same condition will charge similar standard rates.

✔ Encouraging efficiency

Hospitals focus on providing effective care rather than excessive procedures.

✔ Helping governments and insurers budget better

Costs become organized and easier to manage across large populations.

How Is DRG Used in Healthcare?

1. Hospitals

Doctors diagnose the patient → Patient is assigned to a DRG category → Billing and insurance are based on that DRG.

2. Insurance Companies

Insurance claims are processed faster because DRGs give clear cost categories.

3. Government & Public Health Programs

Used to monitor:

• common diseases
• overall healthcare costs
• effectiveness of treatments

4. Digital Health Systems (EMR/EHR)

Platforms like CloudHMS and CloudPMS use DRG mapping to:

• standardize hospital billing
• track patient care needs
• help with quality reporting
• support insurance claims

5. International Healthcare

DRG is widely used in countries like the US, Germany, Australia, and South Korea.

Why Should an Average User Know About DRG?

Even if you are not a doctor or hospital administrator, DRG matters to you because:

✔ It helps you understand hospital bills

You will know whether the charges are fair for your diagnosis.

✔ Makes insurance claims smoother

Insurance companies use DRG to approve claims more easily.

✔ Prevents overcharging

Since prices are standardized, patients are less likely to face unexpected costs.

✔ Makes comparing hospitals easier

If two hospitals charge very differently for the same treatment, DRG can help you identify it.

✔ Improves transparency

You can ask your provider: “What is the DRG for my condition?”

✔ Better digital health records

DRG-linked EMR systems show your full treatment journey in a structured way.

How DRG Helps Healthcare Informatics

Healthcare informatics depends on structured, organized data. DRG is extremely valuable because it:

• groups similar medical cases
• standardizes cost reporting
• helps analytics identify treatment trends
• improves hospital planning and budgeting
• allows comparison of outcomes and costs across hospitals
• supports national health policies

For EMR/EHR systems, DRG adds clarity by organizing patient encounters into meaningful categories.

DRG in India

India is gradually moving toward more standardized hospital billing under national health programs like Ayushman Bharat. DRG-style grouping helps:

• make treatment costs uniform
• reduce confusion for patients
• improve insurance operations
• support digital health initiatives
• push the country toward “One Health Record” systems

Solutions like CloudHMS and CloudPMS can use DRG mapping to simplify hospital billing and reporting.

In Summary

DRG (Diagnosis-Related Groups) is a smart way to organize hospital cases into clear categories based on diagnosis and treatment. It makes healthcare:

• simpler
• more transparent
• fairer
• more predictable

For everyday users, DRG means:

• clearer bills
• easier insurance
• less confusion
• more trust in the healthcare system

DRG is one of the building blocks of modern, organized, digital healthcare.

2.1.7 - Understanding HCPCS: A Simple Guide for Everyday Users

What is HCPCS?

HCPCS (Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System) is a medical coding system used mainly in the United States to describe medical supplies, equipment, and certain services. It includes two levels:

• Level I: CPT codes (used for medical procedures done by doctors)

• Level II: Codes for non-physician services and medical supplies such as:

  • Wheelchairs
  • Bandages
  • Ambulance services
  • Medical devices
  • Medicines given in a hospital but not purchased at a pharmacy

When people talk about “HCPCS,” they usually mean Level II codes.

Why is HCPCS Needed?

Healthcare involves thousands of different items and services. Without a common language, it would be impossible for doctors, hospitals, insurance companies, and government health programs to understand each other.

HCPCS is needed because it:

• Standardizes how medical supplies and services are described
• Ensures accurate billing
• Makes insurance claims processing faster
• Helps avoid confusion with similar items having different names
• Ensures fair reimbursement for hospitals and clinics
• Supports digital healthcare systems and analytics

In short, HCPCS helps everyone speak the same language when describing non-physician medical services.

How is HCPCS Used in Healthcare?

Here are simple real-life examples of how HCPCS works:

✔ Billing and Claims

If a patient uses a wheelchair provided by a hospital, there is a specific HCPCS code for it. This code goes into the billing system so insurance knows exactly what service or item was provided.

✔ Tracking Medical Supplies

Hospitals use HCPCS codes to keep track of inventory such as gloves, wound dressings, and injections.

✔ Ambulance Services

Ambulance rides have HCPCS codes that describe the service level—for example, basic life support or advanced support.

✔ Government Health Programs

Programs like Medicare rely heavily on HCPCS for pricing and reimbursement.

✔ Healthcare Software

In systems like HMS, LIS, or CloudPMS:

• HCPCS codes help generate accurate bills
• Improve record-keeping
• Ensure compliance with national standards

Why Should an Average User Know About HCPCS?

While HCPCS is mostly used by healthcare professionals and billing teams, it still matters to everyday people because:

1. It Improves Billing Transparency

If you ever check your medical bill and see itemized charges, HCPCS helps ensure nothing unnecessary is added.

2. Helps Understand Insurance Claims

Knowing basic coding concepts helps you understand why certain services are covered or denied.

3. Protects Against Overcharging

A standard code ensures the same item cannot be billed differently at different hospitals.

4. Supports Better Healthcare Experiences

When hospitals use proper coding, patients get faster service and fewer billing delays.

How Does HCPCS Help Healthcare Informatics?

Healthcare informatics means using technology to improve healthcare delivery. HCPCS supports informatics by:

• Structuring data for analysis and reporting
• Integrating with EHR, HIS, and billing software
• Helping create accurate cost management systems
• Making data machine-readable for AI and analytics
• Improving interoperability between hospitals, labs, pharmacies, and insurance systems

In modern cloud-based healthcare solutions (CloudHMS, CloudLIS, CloudPMS), coding systems like HCPCS ensure accurate, automated, and compliant workflows.

In Summary

HCPCS may look technical, but it plays a huge role in making healthcare organized and transparent. It standardizes how hospitals record supplies and services, simplifies insurance billing, prevents errors, and strengthens healthcare technology systems. Even if you’re not a doctor or medical coder, understanding the basics of HCPCS helps you become a more informed patient and ensures you get accurate, fair, and efficient healthcare services.

2.2 - Medical Interoperability Standards

2.2.1 - Understanding HL7: The Basic Language That Helps Healthcare Systems Talk to Each Other

What is HL7? (In Simple Words)

HL7 (Health Level 7) is a set of rules that helps different healthcare software systems share information in a clear and standard way. Think of HL7 as a common language for healthcare computers.

Just like people use languages (English, Bengali, Hindi) to communicate, healthcare systems use HL7 so that:

• A clinic’s software can understand a lab’s report
• A hospital’s system can read a doctor’s prescription
• A billing system can match records correctly

Without HL7, each software system would speak its own “language,” and they would not understand each other.

Why is HL7 Needed?

Healthcare is complex. Patients move between clinics, labs, pharmacies, and hospitals. If systems do not communicate well:

• Information gets lost
• Data is entered again and again
• Reports get delayed
• Mistakes can happen
• Patient care becomes slower and less safe

With HL7:

• Data flows automatically between systems
• There is less manual work
• Information stays consistent everywhere
• Care becomes faster and more reliable

How is HL7 Used in Real Life?

HL7 works behind the scenes. You don’t see it, but you benefit from it every day. Here are simple examples:

1. Your doctor orders a blood test

The clinic’s software sends an HL7 message to the lab software.

2. Your lab report is ready

The lab sends the results back through HL7 so your doctor’s software can show them instantly.

3. You’re admitted to a hospital

Your personal details, previous diagnosis, and prescriptions move between departments using HL7 messages.

4. Billing and insurance claims

HL7 ensures the correct treatment codes and charges appear automatically.

In summary, HL7 connects every part of healthcare like a digital bridge.

Why Should an Average User Care About HL7?

Even if you never work in healthcare IT, HL7 affects you because:

• Your reports reach your doctor faster
• Your medical history becomes more accurate
• You don’t have to repeat information everywhere
• Your treatment becomes safer and quicker
• Hospitals can coordinate better during emergencies

If you see your healthcare provider moving toward digital systems, HL7 is one of the main reasons everything works smoothly.

How HL7 Helps in Healthcare Informatics

HL7 is essential for modern healthcare because it:

• Makes Electronic Health Records (EHRs) more useful
• Reduces manual data entry errors
• Supports telemedicine and digital consultations
• Helps keep patient history unified across places
• Enables smarter tools like AI-driven diagnostics and decision support
• Forms the foundation for national health platforms, such as ABHA in India

HL7 is the backbone of digital health data exchange.

How Our Solutions Use HL7 (CloudPMS / CloudLIS / CloudHMS)

For internal data exchange, systems may use their own formats. However, when information must be shared with external healthcare systems, HL7 provides the standard language needed for smooth and accurate communication.

At BanglaTech, we use HL7 to ensure:

CloudPMS (Clinic Platform)

• Can send lab requests directly to CloudLIS
• Can receive lab results instantly
• Can exchange patient data with hospitals using CloudHMS

CloudLIS (Laboratory System)

• Can receive test orders from clinics
• Can deliver reports directly into doctors’ software
• Supports national standards like LOINC for coding

CloudHMS (Hospital System)

• Connects all departments—OPD, IPD, labs, pharmacy, billing—using HL7 messaging
• Enables future integration with insurance, ABHA, and telemedicine apps

Together, these systems build a unified Electronic Medical Record (EMR) for India, powered by HL7.

In Simple Words…

HL7 is the invisible language that keeps healthcare connected. It helps clinics, labs, and hospitals share information quickly, accurately, and safely. And for patients, it means better care with fewer errors and faster service.

2.2.2 - What Is FHIR? A Simple Guide for Everyone

What Is FHIR?

FHIR (pronounced “fire”) stands for Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources. It is a modern digital standard created to help healthcare systems share information quickly, safely, and in a format everyone can understand.

Think of FHIR as a common language that helps hospitals, labs, clinics, apps, and even mobile health tools exchange health data smoothly.

Why Was FHIR Created?

Older standards like HL7 were powerful but more complex and harder to use with new technologies. FHIR was designed to fix this by being:

• Simple
• Fast
• Mobile-friendly
• Easy to integrate with modern apps

Today, digital healthcare moves quickly—online consultations, wearable devices, patient portals, and cloud-based software are common. FHIR makes it easier for all these systems to connect.

How FHIR Is Used in Healthcare

FHIR is used whenever health data needs to travel between two different systems. Examples:

• A lab sends test results to a clinic’s software
• A patient app shows your prescription list from different doctors
• A hospital shares discharge summary with your family doctor
• An insurance system verifies your medical records
• A health wearable sends your heart rate data to your doctor’s app

FHIR uses small, structured building blocks called Resources—like Patient, Doctor, Appointment, LabResult—to move information cleanly and consistently.

Why Should an Average Person Care About FHIR?

Even if you’re not a doctor or technical person, FHIR matters because it improves your healthcare experience.

Here’s how:

✔ Fewer Repeated Tests

Your lab report can be accessed instantly by your doctor, reducing unnecessary repeat tests.

✔ Faster Treatment

When your medical history reaches the doctor in seconds, treatment becomes quicker.

✔ Easier Second Opinions

Moving your records from one clinic to another becomes effortless.

✔ Safer Healthcare

Clear information reduces mistakes in diagnosis, medication, and procedures.

✔ Better Personal Health Apps

Your fitness trackers, health apps, and hospital portals can work together.

How FHIR Helps Healthcare Informatics

Healthcare informatics is all about using technology to improve patient care. FHIR plays a huge role by:

• Standardizing data so every system speaks the same language
• Improving accuracy by reducing mismatched or missing information
• Making integration faster, perfect for cloud-based systems like CloudPMS, CloudLIS, and CloudHMS
• Supporting nationwide goals, such as One Electronic Medical Record for India
• Enabling digital innovation, including AI-based tools, analytics dashboards, and telemedicine apps

FHIR is now the foundation for many modern health platforms globally.

How Our Solutions Use FHIR

At BanglaTech Informatics:

• CloudPMS uses FHIR to share prescriptions, visits, and patient summaries with labs and hospitals.
• CloudLIS uses FHIR to send lab results to clinics instantly.
• CloudHMS uses FHIR to integrate IPD, OPD, radiology, pharmacy, and external systems under one unified patient record.

This ensures every patient has one health record, no matter where they receive care.

2.2.3 - Understanding DICOM: The Standard That Powers Medical Images

What Is DICOM?

DICOM (pronounced “die-com”) stands for Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine. It is the global standard for storing, sending, and viewing medical images.

Think of DICOM as a specialized format that keeps:

• the image
• all the medical details behind the image
• patient information
• machine settings
• diagnosis notes

all together in one safe and readable file.

Why Do We Need DICOM?

Without DICOM, every machine (MRI, CT, X-ray) would use different formats. That would mean:

• one hospital couldn’t read images from another
• doctors couldn’t compare scans easily
• patients would have to repeat expensive tests
• data could get mixed up or lost
• image quality might be poor or inconsistent

DICOM solves all of this by making sure every imaging device speaks the same language.

How DICOM Is Used in Healthcare

DICOM is used every time medical images need to be:

• captured
• stored
• transferred
• viewed
• archived

Examples:

• A radiology machine sends the scan to a hospital server.
• A doctor opens your scan on a DICOM viewer.
• A specialist in another city reviews your CT scan remotely.
• A lab attaches the DICOM file to your electronic record.
• A surgeon views your MRI before planning surgery.

Because DICOM includes both image + medical data, doctors can zoom, measure, compare, and analyze the scan accurately.

Why Should an Average Patient Know About DICOM?

Even if you’re not a doctor, DICOM affects your healthcare experience.

✔ You don’t need to repeat expensive scans

Your DICOM files can be shared easily with any doctor or hospital.

✔ You get better diagnosis

Doctors get detailed, high-quality images—not compressed or unclear copies.

✔ Your health record stays complete

DICOM images become part of a unified medical record.

✔ Remote care becomes possible

You can get second opinions without traveling far.

✔ More control over your medical history

Many hospitals now give patients DICOM copies of their scans on USB or online portals.

How DICOM Helps Healthcare Informatics

Healthcare informatics is about using data to improve care. DICOM plays a major role by:

• ensuring standardized image formats across all radiology devices
• enabling fast sharing of images between systems
• supporting AI tools that analyze medical images
• integrating imaging data into EMRs and hospital systems
• helping build a complete patient health record that includes imaging history

With DICOM, healthcare becomes more connected, accurate, and efficient.

How BanglaTech Solutions Use DICOM

In BanglaTech’s digital health ecosystem:

CloudPMS

• Can receive radiology reports linked with DICOM images
• Helps small clinics share scans with labs and specialists

CloudLIS

• Integrates with radiology centers to attach scans to lab reports
• Sends imaging results to doctors in an instantly readable format

CloudHMS

• Provides a full PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System) integration
• Stores and displays DICOM images for OPD, IPD, and radiology departments
• Links every scan to one unified patient record

This ensures that every imaging test becomes part of your One Health Record, no matter where it was done.

2.2.4 - Understanding CDA: The Standard for Sharing Medical Documents

What Is CDA?

CDA stands for Clinical Document Architecture. It is an international standard that defines how medical documents should be structured, formatted, and shared.

Think of CDA as a rulebook that ensures all healthcare documents follow the same format so that:

• doctors can read them easily
• software systems can process them correctly
• hospitals can share information without confusion

A CDA document usually includes both human-readable text (like a PDF) and machine-readable data (like structured codes). This makes it useful for people and computer systems.

Why Do We Need CDA?

Without CDA:

• every hospital uses its own format
• some documents may be incomplete
• important medical details may be missed
• systems may fail to read other systems’ reports
• patients face problems when changing doctors

CDA ensures that medical documents look similar, contain standard sections, and follow a uniform structure everywhere.

How CDA Is Used in Healthcare

CDA is used whenever a medical document is created or exchanged. Examples include:

• Discharge summaries
• Lab test results
• Radiology reports
• Immunization records
• Referral letters
• Surgical notes
• Visit summaries (OPD)

Doctors, hospitals, labs, and insurance companies all use CDA to ensure clear and consistent documentation.

Why Should an Average Person Know About CDA?

You may not be a doctor, but CDA affects your daily healthcare experience.

✔ Your health documents become more clear and consistent

Regardless of where you go, your reports follow a standard layout.

✔ Easy sharing with any doctor or hospital

CDA makes your documents readable everywhere.

✔ Reduces medical errors

A consistent structure ensures no important information is missed.

✔ Makes your digital health record complete

CDA documents fit perfectly into electronic health systems.

✔ Helps you during emergencies

Your clean, standardized records can save time and even lives.

With CDA, your health data becomes more organized and reliable.

How CDA Helps Healthcare Informatics

Healthcare informatics relies on accurate digital information. CDA helps by:

• providing structured, standardized clinical documents
• supporting health data exchange across systems
• enabling machine-readable data for AI, analytics, and decision support
• improving interoperability between clinics, labs, and hospitals
• making it easier to create a One Patient, One Record system

CDA bridges the gap between traditional paper-style reports and modern digital healthcare platforms.

How BanglaTech Uses CDA in Its Solutions

At BanglaTech Informatics, CDA plays an important role in our cloud-based healthcare ecosystem:

CloudPMS

• Produces CDA-style visit summaries
• Helps small clinics share standardized documents with labs and hospitals

CloudLIS

• Generates CDA-compliant lab reports
• Ensures test results can be read by any doctor or system

CloudHMS

• Creates CDA-based discharge summaries, radiology reports, and IPD documents
• Supports seamless data transfer between departments and external providers

All CDA documents are linked to a single patient profile, helping us deliver One Electronic Medical Record for India.

2.2.5 - Understanding ABDM/NDHM: India’s Digital Health Standard for One Nation, One Health Record

What Is NDHM?

NDHM (National Digital Health Mission) is India’s national digital health standard and ecosystem. Its goal is simple:

Create a unique digital health identity for every Indian and make all health records portable, secure, and easily accessible.

NDHM provides the standards, rules, and technology that allow different healthcare systems to talk to each other using a common language.

Why Do We Need NDHM?

Before NDHM:

• Every hospital used different software
• Reports were stored in different formats
• Patients had to carry files and repeated tests
• Doctors could not see previous health history
• No easy way to share data between clinics, labs, and hospitals

NDHM solves these problems by building a national health grid, where all healthcare data can move safely and correctly, no matter where it was created.

Key Components of NDHM

NDHM provides several building blocks:

✔ ABHA Number (Ayushman Bharat Health Account)

A unique health ID for every citizen—like an Aadhaar for health records.

✔ ABHA Address

A digital address (like an email ID) used to exchange health records securely.

✔ Health Information Exchange (HIE)

Allows hospitals, clinics, and labs to share medical information.

✔ Health Facility Registry (HFR)

A national database of all healthcare facilities.

✔ Healthcare Professionals Registry (HPR)

A verified list of doctors, nurses, lab technicians, and more.

Together, these tools create a fully connected digital health ecosystem.

How NDHM Is Used in Healthcare

NDHM comes into action whenever your health records are stored or shared:

• A clinic uploads your visit summary under your ABHA number
• A lab sends your test reports directly to your digital health locker
• A specialist can review your past reports before treatment
• A hospital can retrieve your earlier prescriptions in emergencies
• Insurance companies can verify claims with digital records

Everything happens securely with your consent.

Why Should an Average Person Know About NDHM?

Even if you don’t work in healthcare, NDHM benefits you directly.

✔ You don’t need to carry files everywhere

Your reports, prescriptions, and history stay in your digital locker.

✔ No repeated tests

If you change doctors or cities, your lab reports can be shared instantly.

✔ Better, safer treatment

Doctors get your complete medical history before treating you.

✔ Emergency care becomes faster

Doctors can quickly access important information.

✔ You control who sees your health data

NDHM uses consent-based sharing—nothing is shared without your approval.

✔ Builds long-term health history

Useful for chronic diseases, elderly care, and children’s growth tracking.

How NDHM Helps Healthcare Informatics

NDHM is a major milestone for digital health in India because it:

• promotes interoperability between systems
• uses modern standards like FHIR for data exchange
• ensures safe, encrypted sharing of health records
• allows analytics and AI to improve public health
• helps create One Patient, One Record across India

It is the backbone of the future Indian digital health ecosystem.

How BanglaTech Solutions Support NDHM Standards

BanglaTech Informatics aligns all its products with NDHM:

CloudPMS

• Creates NDHM-ready visit summaries
• Connects independent clinics to ABHA-based record sharing

CloudLIS

• Generates NDHM-compliant lab reports
• Links test results automatically to the patient’s digital health locker

CloudHMS

• Integrated NDHM modules for ABHA, consent management, and record exchange
• Supports hospitals in joining the national health grid
• Ensures OPD, IPD, lab, and radiology data match NDHM standards

BanglaTech helps healthcare providers—small to large—become part of One Electronic Medical Record for India.